Magnetism is an inherent property of materials, producing a constant magnetic field without the need for external influence.
Electromagnetism, however, involves the generation of a magnetic field by an electric current, allowing for adjustable field strength.
While magnetism is found in permanent magnets, electromagnets require an external current source, finding applications in technologies like electric motors and medical devices.
| Feature | Magnetism | Electromagnetism |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | Inherent property of certain materials | Induced by the flow of electric current |
| Source | Permanent magnets, ferromagnetic materials | Coils of wire with an electric current |
| Nature of Field | Constant and fixed | Variable and controllable |
| Strength Control | Fixed strength | Adjustable by varying electric current |
| Applications | Compass needles, fridge magnets | Electric motors, transformers, MRI machines |
| Dependency on Current | Not dependent on electric current | Requires an electric current to function |
What is Magnetism?
Magnetism is a natural force that certain materials exhibit due to the alignment of their atomic or molecular magnetic moments.
These materials, known as ferromagnetic substances, possess domains where the magnetic moments are aligned, resulting in an overall magnetic field.
Permanent magnets, such as those found in compass needles or fridge magnets, maintain their magnetic properties without external influence.
Magnetism is characterized by its fixed strength and does not require the presence of an electric current.
What is Electromagnetism?
Electromagnetism, on the other hand, involves the creation of a magnetic field through the flow of electric current.
When an electric current passes through a coil of wire, it induces a magnetic field around the wire. Unlike permanent magnets, electromagnets allow for the manipulation of the magnetic field’s strength by adjusting the electric current flowing through the coil.
Electromagnets find widespread applications in various technologies, including electric motors, transformers, and medical devices like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the distinction between magnetism and electromagnetism lies in their origin, source, and applications.
Magnetism is an inherent property of certain materials, resulting in a fixed and constant magnetic field without the need for external influence.
Electromagnetism, on the other hand, relies on the flow of electric current to generate a magnetic field, allowing for the manipulation of its strength.